Debian: Lenny Default with Sid Repository

First add the sid repository to your '/etc/apt/sources.list'. See Below

# sid
deb http://http.us.debian.org/debian/ sid main contrib non-free
deb-src http://http.us.debian.org/debian/ sid main contrib non-free

Now create a new file called 'apt.conf' in '/etc/apt/'. Add the following to it's contents

APT::Default-Release "testing";

Now update your repository. If by any chance it appears that the cache limit of apt is not enough simply add the following line to the 'apt.conf' file you just created and update your repository.

APT::Cache-Limit "20000000";

To update your apt repository simply type the following command into a terminal:

# apt-get update

What's Good for Your Repository

Below is a sample repository with sources I have found useful. #'s will symbolise comments and I will provide the keys where possible:

# Avant Window Navigator
deb http://download.tuxfamily.org/deb4gilir/avant-window-navigator/ unstable main

# Compiz Fusion
deb http://download.tuxfamily.org/shames/debian-lenny/desktopfx/unstable/ ./

# Multimedia (w32codecs, libdvdcss)
deb http://www.debian-multimedia.org testing main

# VirtualBox
deb http://www.virtualbox.org/debian etch non-free

Debian: Installing ATI Graphics Drivers and Compiz Fusion in Lenny (XGL)

Installing the ATI graphics drivers:

Use APT to install fglrx-amdcccle, fglrx-control, fglrx-driver and fglrx-kernel-src

# apt-get install fglrx-amdcccle fglrx-control fglrx-driver fglrx-kernel-src

Reconfigure xserver-xorg to use fglrx (NOT vesa) aswell as the correct resolution:

NOTE: If you only wanted a good resolution and Compiz Fusion is not important to you, you can stop here.

# dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg

Getting 3D rendering working:

Edit (or Add) any of the following lines in '/etc/X11/xorg.conf':

Section "Module"
        Load "i2c"
        Load "bitmap"
        Load "ddc"
        Load "dri"
        Load "extmod"
        Load "freetype"
        Load "glx"
        Load "int10"
        Load "vbe"
        Load "GLcore"
EndSection

Section "Extensions"
        Option "Composite" "0"
        Option "RENDER" "Enable"
EndSection

Section "DRI"
        Mode 0666
EndSection

To test if you have 3D Rendering working properly type in the following commands (you might need to install mesa-utils using APT first):

$ fglrxinfo

Correct Output (or similar, your graphics card should be identified):
display: :0.0 screen: 0
OpenGL vendor string: ATI Technologies Inc.
OpenGL renderer string: ATI Mobility Radeon X1700
OpenGL version string: 2.1.7276 Release

$ glxinfo | grep direct

Correct Output:
direct rendering: Yes

Installing XGL:

Unfortunately while ATI drivers support AIGLX, they don't work well yet with Compiz Fusion, so ATI users are still stuck with the XGL option (it at least works).

While there are XGL repositories out there for Debian GNU/Linux, Ubuntu has done most of the hard work for us so why not use their package? It's quick and easy. Install the following packages using APT:

# apt-get install libglitz-glx1 libglitz1

Install using dpkg the following package: xserver-xgl_1.1.99.1~git20080115-0ubuntu1_i386.deb

# dpkg -i ~/Desktop/xserver-xgl_1.1.99.1~git20070727-0ubuntu3_i386.deb

NOTE: Change the location of the file above to wherever you saved it (I saved mine temporarily on the Desktop).

Now edit the file '/etc/gdm/gdm.conf' and append the following line under [servers]:

0=Xgl

Next, append the following to the end of '/etc/gdm/gdm.conf':

[server-Xgl]
name=Xgl
command=/usr/X11R6/bin/Xgl -fullscreen -ac -accel glx:pbuffer -accel xv:fbo -fp /usr/share/fonts/X11/misc/
flexible=true

Installing Compiz Fusion for GNOME:

Edit '/etc/apt/sources.list' and add the following source to the end of the list:

deb http://download.tuxfamily.org/shames/debian-lenny/desktopfx/unstable/ ./

Save the file then apply the following commands:

# apt-get update
# apt-get install apt-get install compiz-fusion-gnome

Optional: Installing Avant Window Navigator (AWN):

Append the following line to '/etc/apt/sources.list':

deb http://download.tuxfamily.org/deb4gilir/avant-window-navigator/ unstable main

Update APT:

# apt-get update

And finally install Avant Window Navigator:

# apt-get install avant-window-navigator awn-core-applets

Optional: Starting Compiz Fusion/Avant Window Navigator at the start of a Session:

Go to System->Sessions, then select Add.

The command to start Compiz Fusion is: compiz --replace
The command to start Avant Window Navigator is: avant-window-navigator

Debian: Installing ipw3945 Wireless Driver

Install ipw3945-source, ipw3945d, and firmware-ipw3945 using APT:

# apt-get install ipw3945-source ipw3945d firmware-ipw3945

You will need to make sure that you have module-assistant installed. If not just use APT:

# apt-get install module-assistant

Next use m-a to compile ipw3945-source:

# m-a a-i ipw3945-source

Edit '/etc/network/interfaces' using a text editor and append the following lines of text to the end:

# The wireless network interface
allow-hotplug eth2
iface eth2 inet dhcp

Debian: Installing LaTeX, Compiling LaTeX PDF's and LaTeX plugin's for Pidgin and gedit

Installing LaTeX:

Install texlive-common using APT:

# apt-get install texlive-common

or if you would rather install the full texlive package (which is usually not necessary) install texlive-full.

Compiling LaTeX PDF's:

Using pdflatex you can compile your LaTeX code into an easily readable PDF. i.e:

$ pdflatex <outputfile>.pdf

Pidgin and LaTeX Plugin (pidginTeX):

Install imagemagick and download the pidginTeX olugin source code from Google Code (or here).

Extract the newly downloaded tar.gz (or tar.bz2) file and cd yourself into the related folder. Finally do a make and make install to install the plugin. i.e:

$ cd pidginTeX-<version number>/
$ make
# make install

NOTE: You must have installed LaTeX and either mimeTeX or mathTeX to use the plugin successfully.

gedit LaTeX plugin:

Download the latest Gedit LaTeX Plugin from sourceforge.net (or here).

Extract the contents of the file to '~/.gnome2/gedit/plugins'. You may have to make the plugins directory.

Debian: Installing a LAMP server.

To install run the following command:

# apt-get install apache2-mpm-prefork apache2-doc lynx ca-certificates libapache2-mod-php5 mysql-server

To install phpmyadmin simply use APT. i.e:

# apt-get install phpmyadmin

General Linux/My Blog Information

In this blog is general information relating to both Linux and my blog.

I use the $ sign at the beginning of command line inputs to symbolise the default (logged in) user and the # sign at the beginning of a command line to symbolise root user. Unless I specify you don't have to log into root using su, you can use sudo.